Configuring RADIUS SSO authentication

A common RADIUS SSO (RSSO) topology involves a medium-sized company network of users connecting to the Internet through the FortiGate and authenticating with a RADIUS server. The following describes how to configure FortiOS for this scenario. The example makes the following assumptions:

• VDOMs are not enabled.
• The super_admin account is used for all FortiGate configuration.
• A RADIUS server is installed on a server or FortiAuthenticator and uses default attributes.
• BGP is used for any dynamic routing.
• You have configured authentication event logging under Log & Report.

Example.com has an office with 20 users on the internal network who need access to the Internet. The office network is protected by a FortiGate-60C with access to the Internet through the wan1 interface, the user network on the internal interface, and all servers are on the DMZ interface. This includes an Ubuntu sever running FreeRADIUS. This example configures two users:

User	Account
Pat Lee	plee@example.com
Kelly Green	kgreen@example.com

Configuring this example consists of the following steps:

1. Configure RADIUS.
2. Configure FortiGate interfaces.
3. Configure a RSSO agent.
4. Create a RSSO user group.
5. Configure security policies.
6. Test the configuration.

To configure RADIUS:

Configuring RADIUS includes configuring a RADIUS server such as FreeRADIUS on user's computers and configuring users in the system. In this example, Pat and Kelly belong to the exampledotcom_employees group. After completing the configuration, you must start the RADIUS daemon. The users have a RADIUS client installed on their PCs that allow them to authenticate through the RADIUS server.

For any problems installing FreeRADIUS, see the FreeRADIUS documentation.

To configure FortiGate interfaces:

You must define a DHCP server for the internal network, as this network type typically uses DHCP. The wan1 and dmz interfaces are assigned static IP addresses and do not need a DHCP server. The following table shows the FortiGate interfaces used in this example:

Interface	Subnet	Act as DHCP server	Devices
wan1	172.20.120.141	No	Internet service provider
dmz	10.11.101.100	No	Servers including RADIUS server
internal	10.11.102.100	Yes: x.x.x.110-250	Internal user network

1. Go to Network > Interfaces.
2. Edit wan1:

   Alias	Internet
   Addressing Mode	Manual
   IP/Network Mask	172.20.120.141/255.255.255.0
   Administrative Access	HTTPS, SSH
   Enable DHCP Server	Not selected
   Comments	Internet
   Administrative Status	Up

3. Click OK.
4. Edit dmz:

   Alias	Servers
   Addressing Mode	Manual
   IP/Network Mask	10.11.101.100/255.255.255.0
   Administrative Access	HTTPS, SSH, PING, SNMP
   Enable DHCP Server	Not selected
   Listen for RADIUS Accounting Messages	Select
   Comments	Servers
   Administrative Status	Up

5. Click OK.
6. Edit internal:

   Alias	Internal network
   Addressing Mode	Manual
   IP/Network Mask	10.11.102.100/255.255.255.0
   Administrative Access	HTTPS, SSH, PING
   Enable DHCP Server	Select
   Address Range	10.11.102.110 - 10.11.102.250
   Netmask	255.255.255.0
   Default Gateway	Same as Interface IP
   Comments	Internal network
   Administrative Status	Up

To create a RADIUS SSO agent:

1. Go to Security Fabric > External Connectors.
2. Click Create New.
3. Under Endpoint/Identity, select RADIUS Single Sign-On Agent.
4. Enable Use RADIUS Shared Secret. Enter the RADIUS server's shared secret.
5. Enable Send RADIUS Responses. Click OK.

To create a RADIUS SSO user group:

1. Go to User & Authentication > User Groups.
2. Click Create New.
3. For Type, select RADIUS Single Sign-On (RSSO).
4. In RADIUS Attribute Value, enter the name of the RADIUS user group that this local user group represents.
5. Click OK.

Configuring security policies

The following security policies are required for RADIUS SSO:

Sequence Number	From	To	Type	Schedule	Description
1	internal	wan1	RADIUS SSO	Business hours	Authenticate outgoing user traffic
2	internal	wan1	Regular	Always	Allow essential network services and VoIP
3	dmz	wan1	Regular	Always	Allow servers to access the Internet
4	internal	dmz	Regular	Always	Allow users to access servers
5	any	any	Deny	Always	Implicit policy denying all traffic that has not been matched

You must place the RADIUS SSO policy at the top of the policy list so that it is matched first. The only exception to this is if you have a policy to deny access to a list of banned users. In this case, you must put that policy at the top so that the RADIUS SSO does not mistakenly match a banned user or IP address.

You must configure lists before creating security policies.

Schedule

You must configure a business_hours schedule. You can configure a standard Monday to Friday 8 AM to 5 PM schedule, or whatever days and hours covers standard work hours at the company.

Address groups

You must configure the following address groups:

Name	Interface	Address range included
internal_network	internal	10.11.102.110 to 10.11.102.250
company_servers	dmz	10.11.101.110 to 10.11.101.250

Service groups

You must configure the service groups. The services listed are suggestions and you may include more or less as required:

Name	Interface	Description of services to be included
essential_network_services	internal	Any network protocols required for normal network operation such as DNS, NTP, BGP
essential_server_services	dmz	All the protocols required by the company servers such as BGP, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, IKE, SQL, MYSQL, NTP, TRACEROUTE, SOCKs, and SNMP
user_services	internal	Any protocols required by users such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP

The following security policy configurations are basic and only include logging and default AV and IPS. These policies allow or deny access to non-RADIUS SSO traffic. These are essential as network services including DNS, NTP, and FortiGuard require access to the Internet.

To configure security policies:

1. Go to Policy & Objects > Firewall Policy.
2. Click Create New.
3. Configure the policy as follows, then click OK:

   Incoming Interface	Internal
   Source Address	internal_network
   Outgoing Interface	wan1
   Destination Address	all
   Schedule	always
   Service	essential_network_services
   Action	ACCEPT
   NAT	ON
   Security Profiles	ON: AntiVirus, IPS
   Log Allowed Traffic	ON
   Comments	Essential network services

4. Click Create New, and configure the new policy as follows, then click OK:

   Incoming Interface	dmz
   Source Address	company_servers
   Outgoing Interface	wan1
   Destination Address	all
   Schedule	always
   Service	essential_server_services
   Action	ACCEPT
   NAT	ON
   Security Profiles	ON: AntiVirus, IPS
   Log Allowed Traffic	enable
   Comments	Company servers accessing the Internet

5. Click Create New, and configure the new policy as follows, then click OK:

   Incoming Interface	Internal
   Source Address	internal_network
   Outgoing Interface	dmz
   Destination Address	company_servers
   Schedule	always
   Service	all
   Action	ACCEPT
   NAT	ON
   Security Profiles	ON: AntiVirus, IPS
   Log Allowed Traffic	enable
   Comments	Access company servers

6. Click Create New, and configure the RADIUS SSO policy as follows, then click OK. This policy allows access for members of specific RADIUS groups.

   Incoming Interface	Internal
   Source Address	internal_network
   Source User(s)	Select the user groups that you created for RSSO.
   Outgoing Interface	wan1
   Destination Address	all
   Schedule	business_hours
   Service	ALL
   Action	ACCEPT
   NAT	ON
   Security Profiles	ON: AntiVirus, Web Filter, IPS, and Email Filter. In each case, select the default profile.

7. Place the RSSO policy higher in the security policy list than more general policies for the same interfaces. Click OK.

To test the configuration:

Once configured, a user only needs to log in to their PC using their RADIUS account. After that, when they attempt to access the Internet, the FortiGate uses their session information to get their RADIUS information. Once the user is verified, they can access the website.

1. The user logs on to their PC and tries to access the Internet.
2. The FortiGate contacts the RADIUS server for the user's information. Once confirmed, the user can access the Internet. Each step generates logs that enable you to verify that each step succeeded.
3. If a step does not succeed, confirm that your configuration is correct.