FortiGate 1000F and 1001F fast path architecture
The FortiGate 1000F and 1001F models feature the following front panel interfaces:
- Two 10/100/1000BASE-T Copper (HA and MGMT), not connected to the NP7 processor.
- Eight 10/100/1000BASE-T Copper (1 to 8).
- Sixteen 10 GigE SFP+ (9 to 24).
- Eight 10/25 GigE SFP+/SFP28 (25 to 32), interface groups: 25 - 28, 29 - 32.
- Two 40/100 GigE QSFP28 (33 and 34).
The FortiGate 1000F and 1001F each include one NP7 processor. All front panel data interfaces and the NP7 processor connect to the integrated switch fabric (ISF). All data traffic passes from the data interfaces through the ISF to the NP7 processor. All supported traffic passing between any two data interfaces can be offloaded by the NP7 processor. Data traffic processed by the CPU takes a dedicated data path through the ISF and the NP7 processor to the CPU.
The MGMT interface is not connected to the NP7 processor. Management traffic passes to the CPU over a dedicated management path that is separate from the data path. You can also dedicate separate CPU resources for management traffic to further isolate management processing from data processing (see Improving GUI and CLI responsiveness (dedicated management CPU)).
The HA interface is also not connected to the NP7 processor. To help provide better HA stability and resiliency, HA traffic uses a dedicated physical control path that provides HA control traffic separation from data traffic processing.
The separation of management and HA traffic from data traffic keeps management and HA traffic from affecting the stability and performance of data traffic processing.
You can use the following command to display the FortiGate 1000F or 1001F NP7 configuration. The command output shows a single NP7 named NP#0 is connected to all interfaces. This interface to NP7 mapping is also shown in the diagram above.
diagnose npu np7 port-list Front Panel Port: Name Max_speed(Mbps) Dflt_speed(Mbps) NP_group Switch_id SW_port_id SW_port_name -------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------- ---------- ------------ port1 10000 10000 NP#0 0 58 port2 10000 10000 NP#0 0 59 port3 10000 10000 NP#0 0 56 port4 10000 10000 NP#0 0 57 port5 10000 10000 NP#0 0 54 port6 10000 10000 NP#0 0 55 port7 10000 10000 NP#0 0 52 port8 10000 10000 NP#0 0 53 port9 10000 10000 NP#0 0 51 port10 10000 10000 NP#0 0 50 port11 10000 10000 NP#0 0 49 port12 10000 10000 NP#0 0 48 port13 10000 10000 NP#0 0 35 port14 10000 10000 NP#0 0 34 port15 10000 10000 NP#0 0 33 port16 10000 10000 NP#0 0 32 port17 10000 10000 NP#0 0 31 port18 10000 10000 NP#0 0 30 port19 10000 10000 NP#0 0 29 port20 10000 10000 NP#0 0 28 port21 10000 10000 NP#0 0 27 port22 10000 10000 NP#0 0 26 port23 10000 10000 NP#0 0 25 port24 10000 10000 NP#0 0 24 port25 25000 10000 NP#0 0 23 port26 25000 10000 NP#0 0 22 port27 25000 10000 NP#0 0 20 port28 25000 10000 NP#0 0 21 port29 25000 10000 NP#0 0 19 port30 25000 10000 NP#0 0 17 port31 25000 10000 NP#0 0 18 port32 25000 10000 NP#0 0 16 port33 100000 100000 NP#0 0 12 port34 100000 100000 NP#0 0 8 -------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------- ---------- ------------ NP Port: Name Switch_id SW_port_id SW_port_name ------ --------- ---------- ------------ np0_0 0 4 np0_1 0 0 ------ --------- ---------- ------------ * Max_speed: Maximum speed, Dflt_speed: Default speed * SW_port_id: Switch port ID, SW_port_name: Switch port name
The command output also shows the maximum speeds of each interface. Also, interfaces 1 to 24 are connected to one switch and interfaces 25 to 40 are connected to another switch. Both of these switches make up the internal switch fabric, which connects the interfaces to the NP7 processor, the CPU, and the four CP9 processors.
The NP7 processor has a bandwidth capacity of 200 Gigabits. You can see from the command output that if all interfaces were operating at their maximum bandwidth the NP7 processor would not be able to offload all the traffic.
The FortiGate-1000F and 1001F can be licensed for hyperscale firewall support, see the Hyperscale Firewall Guide.
Interface groups and changing data interface speeds
FortiGate-1000F and 1001F front panel data interfaces 25 to 32 are divided into the following groups:
- port25 - port28
- port29 - port32
All of the interfaces in a group operate at the same speed. Changing the speed of an interface changes the speeds of all of the interfaces in the same group. For example, if you change the speed of port26 from 10Gbps to 25Gbps the speeds of port25 to port28 are also changed to 25Gbps.
Another example, the default speed of the port25 to port32 interfaces is 10Gbps. If you want to install 25GigE transceivers in port25 to port32 to convert all of these data interfaces to connect to 25Gbps networks, you can enter the following from the CLI:
config system interface
edit port25
set speed 25000full
next
edit port33
set speed 25000full
end
Every time you change a data interface speed, when you enter the end command, the CLI confirms the range of interfaces affected by the change. For example, if you change the speed of port29 the following message appears:
config system interface
edit port29
set speed 25000full
end
port29-port32 speed will be changed to 25000full due to hardware limit.
Do you want to continue? (y/n)
Configuring NPU port mapping
You can use the following command to configure FortiGate-1000F and 1001F NPU port mapping:
config system npu
config port-npu-map
edit <interface-name>
set npu-group-index <index>
end
You can use the port map to assign data interfaces to NP7 links.
Each NP7 has two 100-Gigabit KR links, numbered 0 and 1. Traffic passes to the NP7 over these links. By default the two links operate as a LAG that distributes sessions to the NP7 processor. You can configure the NPU port map to assign interfaces to use one or the other of the NP7 links instead of sending sessions over the LAG.
<index> varies depending on the NP7 processors available in your FortGate.
For the FortiGate-1000F <index> can be 0, 1, or 2:
0, assign the interface toNP#0, the default, the interface is connected to the LAG. Traffic from the interface is distributed to both links.1, assign the interface toNP#0-link0, to connect the interface to NP7 link 0. Traffic from the interface is set to link 0.2, assign the interface toNP#0-link1, to connect the interface to NP7 link 1. Traffic from the interface is set to link 1.
For example, use the following syntax to assign FortiGate-1000F front panel 40 Gigabit interface 33 to NP#0- link0 and interface 34 to NP#0-link1. The resulting configuration splits traffic from the 40Gigabit interfaces between the two NP7 links:
config system npu
config port-npu-map
edit port33
set npu-group-index 1
next
edit port34
set npu-group-index 2
end
end
You can use the diagnose npu np7 port-list command to see the current NPU port map configuration. While the FortiGate-1000F or 1001F is processing traffic, you can use the diagnose npu np7 cgmac-stats <npu-id> command to show how traffic is distributed to the NP7 links.
For example, after making the changes described in the example, the np_group column of the diagnose npu np7 port-list command output for port33 and port34 shows the new mapping:
diagnose npu np7 port-list Front Panel Port: Name Max_speed(Mbps) Dflt_speed(Mbps) NP_group Switch_id SW_port_id SW_port_name -------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------- ---------- ------------ . . . port33 100000 100000 NP#0-link0 0 12 port34 100000 100000 NP#0-link1 0 8 -------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------- ---------- ------------