ZTNA IP MAC based access control example

In this example, firewall policies are configured that use ZTNA tags to control access between on-net devices and an internal web server. This mode does not require the use of the access proxy, and only uses ZTNA tags for access control. Traffic is passed when the FortiClient endpoint meets two conditions.

1. It is tagged with the Domain-Users ZTNA tag, identifying the device as logged on to the Domain.

2. It has the High importance classification tag indicating the device is High importance and low risk.

Traffic is denied when the FortiClient endpoint is tagged with Malicious-File-Detected.

This example assumes that the FortiGate EMS fabric connector is already successfully connected.

To configure ZTNA in the GUI, go to System > Feature Visibility and enable Zero Trust Network Access.

To configure Zero Trust tagging rules on the FortiClient EMS:

1. Log in to the FortiClient EMS.

2. Go to Zero Trust Tags > Zero Trust Tagging Rules, and click Add.

3. In the Name field, enter Malicious-File-Detected.

4. In the Tag Endpoint As dropdown list, select Malicious-File-Detected.

5. Click Add Rule then configure the rule:

   1. For OS, select Windows.

   2. From the Rule Type dropdown list, select File and click the + button.

   3. Enter a file name, such as C:\virus.txt.

   4. Click Save.

   

6. Click Save.

7. Click Add again to add another rule.

8. In the Name field, enter Domain-Users.

9. In the Tag Endpoint As dropdown list, enter Domain-Users and press Enter.

10. Click Add Rule, then configure the rule:

    1. For OS, select Windows.

    2. From the Rule Type dropdown list, select User in AD Group.

    3. For AD Group, select the Domain-Users AD group.

    4. Click Save.

To configure a classification tag on the FortiClient EMS:

1. Go to Endpoint > All Endpoints.

2. Select the WIN10-01 computer that will be granted access. This computer should be already registered to FortiClient EMS.

3. In the Summary tab, under Classification Tags, click Add and then set to High Importance.

   

4. Go to Administration > Fabric Devices.

5. Select the connecting FortiGate, then click Edit.

6. Under Tag Types Being Shared, add Classification Tags.

7. Click Save.

To configure a firewall policy with IP/MAC based access control to deny traffic in the GUI:

1. Go to Policy & Objects > Firewall Policy and click Create New.

2. Set Name to block-internal-malicious-access.

3. Set Type to Standard.

4. Set Incoming Interface to port1.

5. Set Outgoing Interface to port2.

6. Set Source to all.

7. Set IP/MAC Based Access Control to the Malicious-File-Detected tag.

8. Set Destination to the address of the Web server. If no address is created, create a new address object for 10.88.0.3/32.

9. Set Service to ALL.

10. Set Action to DENY.

11. Enable Log Violation Traffic.

12. Configuring the remaining settings as needed.

13. Click OK.

To configure a firewall policy with IP/MAC based access control to allow access in the GUI:

1. Go to Policy & Objects > Firewall Policy and click Create New.

2. Set Name to allow-internal-access.

3. Set Type to Standard.

4. Set Incoming Interface to port1.

5. Set Outgoing Interface to port2.

6. Set Source to all.

7. Set IP/MAC Based Access Control to the Domain-Users ZTNA IP tag.

8. Set Logical And With Secondary Tags to Specify. This option allows for a second group of tags to be used with a logical And operator.

9. Set Secondary Tags as the High Class IP tag.

10. Set Destination to the address of the Web server.

11. Set Service to ALL.

12. Set Action to ACCEPT.

13. Enable Log Allowed Traffic and set it to All Sessions.

14. Configuring the remaining settings as needed.

15. Click OK.

To configure firewall policies with IP/MAC based access control to block and allow access in the CLI:

config firewall policy
    edit 29
        set name "block-internal-malicious-access"
        set srcintf "default.35"
        set dstintf "port3"
        set srcaddr "all"
        set dstaddr "all"
        set ztna-status enable
        set ztna-ems-tag "FCTEMS0000109188_Malicious-File-Detected"
        set schedule "always"
        set service "ALL"
        set logtraffic all
    next
    edit 30
        set name "allow-internal-access"
        set srcintf "default.35"
        set dstintf "port3"
        set srcaddr "all"
        set dstaddr "all"
        set ztna-status enable
        set ztna-ems-tag "FCTEMS0000109188_Low"
        set action accept
        set schedule "always"
        set service "ALL"
        set inspection-mode proxy
        set logtraffic all
        set nat enable
    next
end

When multiple tags are selected with set ztna-ems-tag <tags>, matching occurs using a logical OR operator. Therefore any single tag that match will return true. The set ztna-tags-match-logic {and | or} option cannot be used to change the logical operator. This option is applied by wad to tags selected for ZTNA proxy-policy.

Testing the access to the web server from the on-net client endpoint

Access allowed:

1. On the WIN10-01 PC, open FortiClient.

2. On the Zero Trust Telemetry tab, make sure that you are connected to the EMS server.

3. Open a browser and enter the address of the server.

4. The FortiGate matches your security posture by verifying your ZTNA tags and matching the corresponding allow-internal-access firewall policy, and you are allowed access to the web server.

   

Access denied:

1. On the WIN10-01 PC, trigger the Zero Trust Tagging Rule by creating the file in C:\virus.txt.

2. Open a browser and enter the address of the server.

3. FortiGate checks your security posture. Because EMS has tagged the PC with the Malicious-File-Detected tag, it matches the block-internal-malicious-access firewall policy.

4. You are denied access to the web server.

   

Logs and debugs

Access allowed:

# diagnose endpoint record list
Record #1:
                IP Address = 10.0.1.2
                MAC Address = 02:09:0f:00:01:02
                MAC list = 
                VDOM = root (0)
                EMS serial number: FCTEMS8822001975
                EMS tenant id: 00000000000000000000000000000000
                Client cert SN: 2B8D4FF0E71FE7E064288FE1B4F87E25232092D0
                Public IP address: 34.23.223.220
                Quarantined: no
                Online status: onlineRegistration status: registeredOn-net status: on-netGateway Interface: port1
                FortiClient version: 7.2.0
                …
                Number of Routes: (1)
                        Gateway Route #0:
                                - IP:10.0.1.2, MAC: 02:09:0f:00:01:02, VPN: no
                                - Interface:port1, VFID:0, SN: FGVM02TM22013111
online records: 1; offline records: 0; quarantined records: 0; out-of-sync records: 0

# diagnose wad dev query-by uid 9A016B5A6E914B42AD4168C066EB04CA FCTEMS8822001975 00000000000000000000000000000000  
Attr of type=0, length=83, value(ascii)=9A016B5A6E914B42AD4168C066EB04CA
Attr of type=4, length=0, value(ascii)=
Attr of type=6, length=1, value(ascii)=true
Attr of type=5, length=40, value(ascii)=2B8D4FF0E71FE7E064288FE1B4F87E25232092D0
Attr of type=3, length=66, value(ascii)=ZTNA_Domain-Users_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=68, value(ascii)=ZTNA_Remote-Allowed_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=83, value(ascii)=ZTNA_Group-Membership-Domain-Users_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=59, value(ascii)=CLASS_High_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=61, value(ascii)=CLASS_Remote_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=76, value(ascii)=ZTNA_all_registered_clients_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Response termination due to no more data

# diagnose firewall dynamic list
List all dynamic addresses:
IP dynamic addresses in VDOM root(vfid: 0):
…
CMDB name: EMS1_CLASS_High
TAG name: High
EMS1_CLASS_High: ID(134)
        RANGE(10.0.1.0-10.0.0.255)
        ADDR(10.0.1.2)
Total IP dynamic range blocks: 1.
Total IP dynamic addresses: 0. 
...
CMDB name: EMS1_ZTNA_Domain-Users
TAG name: Domain-Users
EMS1_ZTNA_Domain-Users: ID(186)
        RANGE(10.0.1.0-10.0.0.255)
        ADDR(10.0.1.2)
Total IP dynamic range blocks: 1.
Total IP dynamic addresses: 0.

# diagnose test application fcnacd 7
Entry #1:
 - UID: 9A016B5A6E914B42AD4168C066EB04CA
 - EMS Fabric ID: FCTEMS8822001975:00000000000000000000000000000000
 - Sys upd time: 2023-05-11 01:39:29.5936762
 - Tag upd time: 2023-05-11 06:24:59.1435977
lls_idx_mask = 0x00000001
#ID:0
UID:     9A016B5A6E914B42AD4168C066EB04CA
State:   sysinfo:1, tag:1, tagsz:1, out-of-sync:0
Owner:   
Cert SN: 2B8D4FF0E71FE7E064288FE1B4F87E25232092D0
online:  Yes
Route IP:10.0.1.2
vfid:    0
has more:No
Tags:
idx:0, ttdl:1   name:Domain-Users
idx:1, ttdl:1   name:Remote-Allowed
idx:2, ttdl:1   name:Group-Membership-Domain-Users
idx:3, ttdl:2   name:High
idx:5, ttdl:2   name:Remote
idx:6, ttdl:1   name:all_registered_clients

# execute log filter field srcip 10.0.1.2
# execute log display
35: date=2023-05-10 time=23:22:14 eventtime=1683786134265076528 tz="-0700" logid="0000000013" type="traffic" subtype="forward" level="notice" vd="root" srcip=10.0.1.2 srcport=14358 srcintf="port1" srcintfrole="undefined" dstip=10.88.0.3 dstport=9443 dstintf="port2" dstintfrole="dmz" srcuuid="b458a65a-f759-51ea-d7df-ef2e750026d1" dstuuid="592dfb72-0775-51ec-aa79-94bd9894388c" srccountry="Reserved" dstcountry="Reserved" sessionid=177080 proto=6 action="server-rst" policyid=12 policytype="policy" poluuid="aae1d38a-efc2-51ed-e820-ff7964c9bdeb" policyname="allow-internal-access" service="tcp/9443" trandisp="noop" duration=130 sentbyte=2821 rcvdbyte=310602 sentpkt=31 rcvdpkt=222 appcat="unscanned" sentdelta=0 rcvddelta=40

Access denied:

# diagnose wad dev query-by uid 9A016B5A6E914B42AD4168C066EB04CA FCTEMS8822001975 00000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=0, length=83, value(ascii)=9A016B5A6E914B42AD4168C066EB04CA
Attr of type=4, length=0, value(ascii)=
Attr of type=6, length=1, value(ascii)=true
Attr of type=5, length=40, value(ascii)=2B8D4FF0E71FE7E064288FE1B4F87E25232092D0
Attr of type=3, length=66, value(ascii)=ZTNA_Domain-Users_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=68, value(ascii)=ZTNA_Remote-Allowed_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=83, value(ascii)=ZTNA_Group-Membership-Domain-Users_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=59, value(ascii)=CLASS_High_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=77, value(ascii)=ZTNA_Malicious-File-Detected_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=61, value(ascii)=CLASS_Remote_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000
Attr of type=3, length=76, value(ascii)=ZTNA_all_registered_clients_FCTEMS882200197500000000000000000000000000000000

# diagnose firewall dynamic list
 List all dynamic addresses:
 …
CMDB name: EMS1_ZTNA_Malicious-File-Detected
TAG name: Malicious-File-Detected
EMS1_ZTNA_Malicious-File-Detected: ID(205)
        RANGE(10.0.1.0-10.0.0.255)
        ADDR(10.0.1.2)
Total IP dynamic range blocks: 1.
Total IP dynamic addresses: 0.

# diagnose test application fcnacd 7
Entry #1:
…
State:   sysinfo:1, tag:1, tagsz:1, out-of-sync:0
Owner:   
Cert SN: 2B8D4FF0E71FE7E064288FE1B4F87E25232092D0
online:  Yes
Route IP:10.0.1.2
vfid:    0
has more:No
Tags:
idx:0, ttdl:1   name:Domain-Users
idx:1, ttdl:1   name:Remote-Allowed
idx:2, ttdl:1   name:Group-Membership-Domain-Users
idx:3, ttdl:2   name:High
idx:4, ttdl:1   name:Malicious-File-Detected
idx:5, ttdl:2   name:Remote
idx:6, ttdl:1   name:all_registered_clients

# execute log filter field srcip 10.0.1.2
# execute log display 
 
1: date=2023-05-10 time=23:37:02 eventtime=1683787022146761572 tz="-0700" logid="0000000013" type="traffic" subtype="forward" level="notice" vd="root" srcip=10.0.1.2 srcport=14609 srcintf="port1" srcintfrole="undefined" dstip=10.88.0.3 dstport=9443 dstintf="port2" dstintfrole="dmz" srcuuid="b458a65a-f759-51ea-d7df-ef2e750026d1" dstuuid="592dfb72-0775-51ec-aa79-94bd9894388c" srccountry="Reserved" dstcountry="Reserved" sessionid=177409 proto=6 action="deny" policyid=10 policytype="policy" poluuid="92938512-ef9a-51ed-6a39-bafb9147e9aa" policyname="block-internal-malicious-access" service="tcp/9443" trandisp="noop" duration=0 sentbyte=0 rcvdbyte=0 sentpkt=0 rcvdpkt=0 appcat="unscanned" crscore=30 craction=131072 crlevel="high"