Event types and fields

This section contains information about the event types available in FortiNDR Cloud, the fields parsed for each event type. Here, as well as an explanation of the fundamental concepts like field types and common fields.

Event types

Field types

Enriched object field types

Common Fields

Event fields

Event types

Each event type contains a set of common fields (included in all event types) and event fields (unique to the event type).

The following table shows the event types supported by FortiNDR Cloud:

Event Type	Description
dce_rpc	A single DCE/RPC command
dhcp	A single DHCP lease
dns	A single DNS request and response
dnp3	A DNP3 connection.
dnp3_control	DNP3 Control Relay Output Block and Pattern Control Block data.
dnp3_object	DNP3 Read Object data.
flow	An IP-layer network connection
ftp	A single FTP connection, both establishment and data transfer
http	A single HTTP request and response
kerberos	A single Kerberos request from any step of the process
modbus	A Modbus connection
notice	A notice from Zeek’s analysis scripts
ntlm	A single NTLM authentication attempt
observation	An event generated by the analytics backend based on a correlation of multiple events
pe	A portable executable (PE) file transferred over a connection
rdp	An attempted Windows RDP connection
smb_file	The transfer of one or more files using SMB
smb_mapping	The mapping of a networked resource using SMB
smtp	An SMTP message
software	An inference of software running on a host based on observed fields from other events
ssh	An attempted SSH connection
ssl	The creation of an encrypted channel using SSL or TLS
suricata	A match for a single Suricata signature
tunnel	A single established tunnel
x509	An observed x509 record

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Field types

Most fields are atomic, meaning they cannot be broken down further. However, FortiNDR Cloud fields can also be a structured object, either an object or an array. See Enriched object field types.

Fields in FortiNDR Cloud can be one of the following types.

Field Type	Description	Example
int	An integer value (port, bytes, packets, etc.)	1
float	A decimal value (distance, entropy, etc.)	1.0
Boolean	true of false	True
string	A sequence of arbitrary characters	hello world
timestamp	A RFC3339 timestamp value	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
ip	A single IP address or valid CIDR-notation	8.8.8.8, 10.0.1.0/24
object	An arbitrary JSON structure containing nested subfields	N/A
array	An array of values of the same type	N/A

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Enriched object field types

A field that is of type object simply means the field is actually a collection of sub-fields. Some of those sub-fields could also be another collection of sub-fields. Think of an object as a JSON block, or a dictionary for the Python users, or a map for the C/C++ users. Sub-fields are then referenced using dot notation, (for example, dst.geo.country).

Some object types are very common and are used over and over again, such as an ip-object. An ip-object refers to a field with the structure shown in the ip-object table. These field types are used throughout the different event types, so you should be familiar with them.

The following topics provide a description of each object field type and the sub-fields it contains:

• IP-Objects
• Domain-Objects
• Host-Objects
• URI-Objects
• URL-Objects
• File-Objects
• Email-Objects

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IP-Objects

The following table describes the fields that contain enriched information for an IP address:

Field	Type	Description	Example
asn	asn-object	ASN information for the IP address	See table below
$device	synthetic field	Enables querying devices by hostname or MAC address. Note: this field is only available for the src and dst fields.	N/A
geo	geo-object	Geographic information for the IP address	See table below
internal	Boolean	Indicates whether the IP address is internal to the network	true
ip	ip	The IP address	10.10.10.10
ip_bytes	int	The number of bytes transmitted by the IP address within the flow (only populated in Flow events)	458 Bytes
pkts	int	The number of packets transmitted by the IP address within the flow (only populated in Flow events)	8
port	int	The port used by the IP address	52843
username	int	The user name from Zscaler used in device detections (only populated in DNS, Flow, HTTP, and SSL events).	john.smith@fortinet.com
hostname	int	The host name from Zscaler used in device detections (only populated in DNS, Flow, HTTP, and SSL events).	F09NQJM1ABC

The asn field contains the following subfields.

Field	Type	Description	Example
asn	int	The Autonomous System Number	16509
asn_org	string	The organization name associated with the ASN (they actually use the ASN)	Amazon.com, Inc.
isp	string	The upstream ISP for the ASN	Amazon.com
org	string	The upstream owner of the ASN - may differ from asn_org	Amazon.com

The geo field contains the following subfields.

Field	Type	Description	Example
city	string	The city of record	Boardman
country	string	The country of record	US
location	object	The longitude and latitude of record	(45.8491,-119.7143)
subdivision	string	The segment of the country (states in the US)	OR

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Domain-Objects

The following table describes the fields that contain enriched information for a domain:

Field	Type	Description	Example
domain	string	The domain	portal.fortindr.forticloud.com
domain_entropy	float	The computed Shannon entropy of the domain	3.5

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Host-Objects

Host-Objects fields contain enriched information for both IP addresses and domains because the field could be either one. For example an HTTP Host header or a DNS answer.

Host-Objects contain the combined sub-fields in:

• IP-Objects

• Domain-Objects

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URI-Objects

Fields that contain a URI are broken up into its different components.

Field	Type	Description	Example
fragment	string	The fragment identifier component	#
host	host-object	The content of the Host header	portal.fortindr.forticloud.com
params	object-array	The HTTP parameters as an array of key-value pairs	N/A
path	string	The path of the requested resource	search
port	integer	The specified port	443
query	string	The full parameter string	query=8.8.8.8&sort_dir=desc
scheme	string	The specified scheme	https
uri	string	The full URI	https://portal.fortindr.forticloud.com:443/search?query=8.8.8.8&sort_dir=desc#

URL-Objects

Fields that contain both a host-object and a uri-object are referred to as a url-object.

URL-Objects contain the combined sub-fields in:

• IP-Objects

• Domain-Objects

• URI-Objects

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File-Objects

File-Objects fields contain enriched information for an observed file.

Field	Type	Description	Example
bytes	int	The file's size in bytes	145922
md5	string	The computed MD5 hash	92a4d0aeede3ce110b4121342df48496
mime_type	string	The fingerprinted MIME-type	application/x-dosexec
name	string	The observed name	2487ff63fb4e79.gif
sha1	string	The computed SHA1 hash	e63932430d4028b51fa25dae13d9e0188e9a02a5
sha256	string	The computed SHA256 hash	227193160a2448dfa8bbbd2cf125afa9cca0d1a718b109a3adae5df8a24cdf6e

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Email-Objects

Email-Objects fields contain an email address broken up into its different components.

Field	Type	Description	Example
domain	string	The domain	gmail.com
email	string	The entire email address	jdoe@gmail.com
name	string	The name	jdoe

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Common fields

There are a handful of fields that appear in every event type. Some fields are for housekeeping, such as a unique identifier for every event or the sensor that created the event, while others are fundamental to network traffic, such as timestamps and source/destination IP addresses. Each of the following fields are contained in every event with a few exceptions documented in the table below.

Field	Type	Description	Example
account	string	The name of the account that owns the event	Training
customer_id	string	The code of the account that owns the event	chg
dst	ip-object	The responder to the connection	8.8.8.8
flow_id	string	A unique identifier for a flow shared by all events produced from that particular flow	CtjvJR1nIzN4WFSuc7
geo_distance	float	The difference between src and dst geo values	1410.373826280689
intel	intel-array	An array of intel-objects matching entities in the event	N/A
sensor_id	string	The sensor that created the event	chg1
src	ip-object	The initiator of the connection	10.10.10.10
timestamp	timestamp	The time at which traffic for the event began	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
uuid	string	A unique identifier for the event	1ca116cb-9262-11e9-b5bf-02472fee9a4a

The intel field is an array of values of type intel-object. The table below lists the sub-fields contained within the intel field.

Field	Type	Description	Example
confidence	string	The overall confidence rating of the intel source	high
feed	string	The name of the intel source	Sinkholes
indicator	string	The matched entity	131.253.18.12
indicator_type	string	The entity type	ip_address
is_malicious	Boolean	Indicates whether the indicator is believed to be malicious	false
meta	string	A JSON string of all metadata provided by the intel source	{"description":"Observed C2 Activity","references":["Fortinet FortiGuard Labs"]}
severity	string	The overall severity rating of the intel source	high
timestamp	timestamp	The creation time of the intel record	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000Z

Exceptions to common fields

1. The software event type does not have src and dst fields because it is not extracted from raw network traffic. Instead, the record is inferred based on the contents of one or more fields.

2. The suricata event type does not have a flow_id field because it is generated by a completely different process than the other event types. You must match suricata events to their associated flows using the IP address and ports of the event.

See also Common fields.

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Event fields

The following topics describe the fields unique to each event type.

• DCE RPC fields
• DHCP fields
• DNS fields
• dnp3
• dnp3_control
• dnp3_object
• Flow fields
• FTP fields
• HTTP fields
• Kerberos fields
• Modbus fields
• Notice Fields
• NTLM fields
• Observation fields
• PE fields
• RDP fields
• SMB file fields
• SMB mapping fields
• SMTP fields
• Software fields
• SSH fields
• SSL fields
• Suricata fields
• Tunnel fields
• x509 fields

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Flow fields

A flow event is created whenever packets with a unique combination of src.ip, src.port, dst.ip, dst.port, and proto are observed within a sufficient time frame.

The following table shows fields unique to the flow event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
duration	float	The number of seconds the flow lasted	7s
flow_state	string	Indicates how the connection started and ended, hover over a value to get an explanation of it	SF
proto	string	The transport layer protocol used	tcp
service	string	The application(s) observed in the flow, if any	http
total_ip_bytes	int	The total combined bytes transmitted over the connection	927 bytes
total_pkts	int	The total combined packets transmitted over the connection	11
upload_percent	int	The percentage of bytes transmitted by the src for the flow (56% == 56)	56%

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flow_state

The following table lists the different flow_state values and a brief description for each:

flow_state	Description
S0	Connection attempt seen, no reply.
S1	Connection established, not terminated.
SF	Normal establishment and termination.
REJ	Connection attempt rejected.
S2	Connection established and close attempt by originator seen (but no reply from responder).
S3	Connection established and close attempt by responder seen (but no reply from originator).
RSTO	Connection established, originator aborted (sent a RST).
RSTR	Responder sent a RST.
RSTOS0	Originator sent a SYN followed by a RST, we never saw a SYN-ACK from the responder.
RSTRH	Responder sent a SYN ACK followed by a RST, we never saw a SYN from the (purported) originator.
SH	Originator sent a SYN followed by a FIN, we never saw a SYN ACK from the responder (hence the connection was “half” open).
SHR	Responder sent a SYN ACK followed by a FIN, we never saw a SYN from the originator.
OTH	No SYN seen, just midstream traffic (a “partial connection” that was not later closed).

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DNS fields

A dns event is created when a client submits a DNS request to a server, and includes data from both the request and the response (if a response was observed).

The following table shows fields unique to the dns event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
answers	host-object-array	The answers returned by the DNS server for the query	[103.2.116.79, 103.2.116.83]
proto	string	The transport layer protocol used	udp
qtype	int	The numeric code of the query type	1
qtype_name	string	The string name of the query type	A
query	domain-object	The domain being queried	www.google.com
rcode	int	The numeric code of the result	0
rcode_name	int	The string name of the result	NOERROR
rejected	Boolean	Indicates whether the query was rejected by the server	false
ttls	int-array	An array of TTL values, one per result	[299, 299]

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dnp3

A DNP3 connection.

Field	Type	Description	Example
customer_id	string	The code of the account that owns the event	chg
dnp3_function_reply	string	The name of the function message in the reply.	RESPONSE
dnp3_function_request	string	The name of the function message in the request.	CONFIRM
dnp3_indication_number	integer	The response's "internal indication number".	0
dst	ip_enriched_with_port	The responder to the connection	8.8.8.8
event_type	string	The type of event recorded	dnp3
flow_id	string	A unique identifier for a flow shared by all events produced from that particular flow	CtjvJR1nIzN4WFSuc7
geo_distance	number	The difference between src and dst geo values	1410.373826280689
intel	intel[]	Intel that matched entities in the event
sensor_id	string	The sensor that created the event	chg1
source	string	The source of the event	Zeek
src	ip_enriched_with_port	The initiator of the connection	10.10.10.10
timestamp	string	The time at which traffic for the event began	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000000Z
uuid	string	A unique identifier for the event	1ca116cb-9262-11e9-b5bf-02472fee9a4a

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dnp3_control

DNP3 Control Relay Output Block and Pattern Control Block data.

Field	Type	Description	Example
customer_id	string	The code of the account that owns the event	chg
dnp3_block_type	string	Control_Relay_Output_Block or Pattern_Control_Block	Control Relay Output Block
dnp3_execute_count	integer	Number of times to execute	1
dnp3_function_code	string	Function code (SELECT, OPERATE, RESPONSE)	SELECT
dnp3_index_number	integer	Object index number	0
dnp3_off_time	integer	Off time	100
dnp3_on_time	integer	On time	100
dnp3_operation_type	string	Nul, Pulse_On, Pulse_Off, Latch_On, Latch_Off	Latch On
dnp3_status_code	string	Status code	Success
dnp3_trip_control_code	string	Nul, Close, or Trip	Nul
dst	ip_enriched_with_port	The responder to the connection	8.8.8.8
event_type	string	The type of event recorded	dnp3_control
flow_id	string	A unique identifier for a flow shared by all events produced from that particular flow	CtjvJR1nIzN4WFSuc7
geo_distance	number	The difference between src and dst geo values	1410.373826280689
intel	intel[]	Intel that matched entities in the event
is_orig	boolean	True if the packet is sent from the originator	true
sensor_id	string	The sensor that created the event	chg1
source	string	The source of the event	Zeek
src	ip_enriched_with_port	The initiator of the connection	10.10.10.10
timestamp	string	The time at which traffic for the event began	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000000Z
uuid	string	A unique identifier for the event	1ca116cb-9262-11e9-b5bf-02472fee9a4a

dnp3_object

DNP3 Read Object data.

Field	Type	Description	Example
customer_id	string	The code of the account that owns the event	chg
dnp3_function_code	string	Function code (READ or RESPONSE)	RESPONSE
dnp3_object_count	integer	DNP3 object type	32-Bit Binary Counter
dnp3_object_type	string	DNP3 object type	32-Bit Binary Counter
dnp3_range_high	integer	Range (high) of object	9
dnp3_range_low	integer	Range (low) of object	0
dst	ip_enriched_with_port	The responder to the connection	8.8.8.8
event_type	string	The type of event recorded	dnp3_object
flow_id	string	A unique identifier for a flow shared by all events produced from that particular flow	CtjvJR1nIzN4WFSuc7
geo_distance	number	The difference between src and dst geo values	1410.373826280689
intel	intel[]	Intel that matched entities in the event
is_orig	boolean	True if the packet is sent from the originator	true
sensor_id	string	The sensor that created the event	chg1
source	string	The source of the event	Zeek
src	ip_enriched_with_port	The initiator of the connection	10.10.10.10
timestamp	string	The time at which traffic for the event began	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000000Z
uuid	string	A unique identifier for the event	1ca116cb-9262-11e9-b5bf-02472fee9a4a

HTTP fields

An http event is created when a client submits an HTTP request to a server, and includes data from both the request and response (if the response was observed).

The following table shows fields unique to the http event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
files	file-object-array	Files downloaded over the HTTP connection	N/A
headers.accept	string-array	The content of the Accept header	[image/webp, image/apng, image/*, */*;q=0.8]
headers.content_md5	string	The computed MD5 hash of the headers content	d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
headers.content_type	string-array	The contents of the Content Type header	[text/xml; charset="utf-8"]
headers.cookie_length	int	The length of the cookie in bytes	194
headers.location	url-object	The content of the Location header	http://amupdatedl3.microsoft.com/server/amupdate/metadata/UniversalManifest.cab
headers.origin	url-object	The content of the Origin header	http://go.com
headers.proxied_ip_clients	ip-object-array	The sequence of IPs the HTTP connection is proxied through	[172.16.0.1, 172.16.0.2]
headers.refresh.refresh	string	The full content of the Refresh header	1;URL=http://travelingtravelerhome.wordpress.com/
headers.refresh.timeout	int	The timeout period in seconds	1
headers.refresh.uri	uri-object	The URI of the Refresh header	http://travelingtravelerhome.wordpress.com/
headers.server	string	The web server software	Microsoft-IIS/6.0
headers.x_powered_by	string	The application software running on the server	ASP.NET
host	host-object	The content Host header	www.google.com
info_msg	string	The message returned with a 100-level response code	Continue
method	string	The HTTP method selected	GET
proxied	string-array	A list of proxy steps	PROXY-CONNECTION -> Keep-Alive
referrer	url-object	The content of the Referrer header	http://au.search.yahoo.com/search?p=planetside.co.uk&fr=sfp&fr2=sb-top-search
request_len	int	The length in bytes of the request	0
request_mime	string	The fingerprinted MIME-type(s) of the request content (deprecated)	text/plain
request_mimes	string-array	The fingerprinted MIME-type(s) of the request content, use instead of request_mime	text/plain
response_len	int	24	The length in bytes of the response
response_mime	string	The fingerprinted MIME-type of the response content (deprecated)	text/html
response_mimes	string-array	The fingerprinted MIME-type of the response content, use instead of response_mime	text/html
status_code	int	The numeric code of the server's response	200
status_msg	string	The string name of the server's response	OK
trans_depth	int	The depth of redirects	4
uri	uri-object	The full URI of the request	/index.php
user_agent	string	The content of the UserAgent header	Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko
username	string	The username used with Basic Auth, if any	dave

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SMTP fields

An smtp event is created when a client transmits an SMTP message to a server.

The following table shows fields unique to the smtp event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
date	string	The content of the Date header	Thu, 12 Jul 2015 17:59:01 -0400 (EDT)
files	file-object-array	An array of the files attached to the email	N/A
first_received	string	The full content of the first Received header	from JIM@GMAIL.COM ([198.51.100.1]) by SALLY@GMAIL.COM ([101.9.210.120]) with mapi id 14.01.1039.013; Thu, 12 Jul 2015 18:09:44 -0500
from	email-object	The content of the From header	jdoe@gmail.com
helo	host-object	The argument supplied to the HELO command	client.example.com
in_reply_to	string	The Message-ID in the In-Reply-To header	<b8bba2baae4c2a08fdff4e223458577d@gmail.com>
is_webmail	Boolean	Indicates whether the message was sent through a webmail interface	true
last_reply	string	The last message the server sent to the client	250 Message accepted for delivery
mailfrom	string	The argument supplied to the MAIL FROM command	support@acme.corp
msg_id	string	The Message-ID of the message	<b8bba2baae4c2a08fdff4e223458577d@gmail.com>
path	ip-object-array	The message transmission path extracted from the Received headers	[192.161.0.200, 204.148.78.113]
rcptto	string	The argument supplied to the RCPT TO command	jdoe@gmail.com
reply_to	email-object	The content of the Reply-To header	jdoe@gmail.com
second_received	string	The content of the second Received header	from JIM@GMAIL.COM ([198.51.100.1]) by SALLY@GMAIL.COM ([101.9.210.120]) with mapi id 14.01.1039.013; Thu, 12 Jul 2015 18:09:44 -0500
subject	string	The content of the Subject header	Click this link!
tls	Boolean	Indicates whether the connection switched to using TLS	true
to	email-object-array	The content of the To header	[jdoe@gmail.com, kdoe@gmail.com]
trans_depth	int	The depth of this message transaction where multiple messages were transferred in a single connection	1
urls	string-array	A list of URLs extracted from the message	[http://malware.pwn//root.ps1, https://www.google.com]
user_agent	string	The content of the client's User-Agent header	SquirrelMail/1.4.22
x_originating_ip	ip-object	The content of the X-Originating-IP header	8.8.8.8

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RDP fields

An rdp event is created when a client attempts to connect to a server using RDP.

Authentication cannot always be determined as the necessary data may be encapsulated within an encrypted tunnel. Therefore, the result field may contain a "best-guess" based on available data.

The following table shows fields unique to the rdp event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
cert_count	int	The number of certificates seen	0
cert_permanent	Boolean	Indicates if the provided certificate or certificate chain is permanent	True
cert_type	string	The type of certificate used if the connection is encrypted with native RDP encryption	RSA
client_build	string	The client RDP version	RDP 5.1
client_dig_product_id	string	The client product ID	715e03e8-6eef-4c53-b022-rbcd967
client_name	string	The client hostname	bob-PC
cookie	string	The truncated account name used by the client	bob
desktop_height	int	The client desktop height	1080
desktop_width	int	The client desktop width	1920
encryption_level	string	The encryption level used	Client compatible
encryption_method	string	The encryption method used	128bit
keyboard_layout	string	The client keyboard layout (language)	English -United States
requested_color_depth	string	The color depth requested by the client in the high_color_depth field	32bit
result	string	The result for the connection, derived from a mix of RDP negotiation failure messages and GCC server create response messages	Succeed
security_protocol	string	Security protocol chosen by the server	RDP

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SSL fields

An ssl event is created when a client attempts to establish an encrypted channel with a server using SSL/TLS.

The following table shows fields unique to the ssl event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
cipher	string	The cipher suite selected by the server	TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
client_issuer	string	The Issuer field of the client's certificate	CN=Google Internet Authority G2,O=Google Inc,C=US
client_subject	string	The Subject field of the client's certificate	CN=*.google.com,O=Google Inc
issuer	string	The Issuer field of the server's certificate	CN=Google Internet Authority G2,O=Google Inc,C=US
ja3	string	The computed JA3 hash for the client	4d7a28d6f2263ed61de88ca66eb011e3
ja3s	string	The computed JA3 hash of the server	4d7a28d6f2263ed61de88ca66eb011e3
server_name	string	The Server Name Indication set by the client (deprecated)	www.google.com
server_name_indication	domain-object	The enriched Server Name Indication set by the client	www.google.com
session_id	string	The ID used for session resumption (deprecated)	N/A
subject	string	The Subject field of the server's certificate	CN=*.google.com,O=Google Inc
validation_status	string	Result of certificate validation for this connection (deprecated)	Success
version	string	The SSL/TLS version being used (period omitted)	TLSv10

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x509 fields

An x509 event is created when an X.509 certificate is observed over a connection, such as establishing an SSL connection or encrypting an RDP session.

The following table shows fields unique to the x509 event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
ca_constraints	Boolean	Indicates whether the CA flag is set	False
ca_constraints_len	int	The maximum path length	10
cert_id	string	The file ID of the certificate	FNbDqq2ZxjNk10D7ie
issuer	string	The content of the Issuer field	O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd,ST=Some-State,C=AU
key_len	int	The length of the key	2048
key_type	string	The type of key used	rsa
san_dns	host-array	The list of DNS entries in the SAN	[*.outlook.com, *.office365.com]
san_email	email-array	The list of email entries in the SAN	[dave@email.corp]
san_ip	ip-array	The list of IP entries in the SAN	[169.254.1.1]
san_uri	uri-array	The list of URI entries in the SAN	[https://169.254.1.1]
serial	string	The serial number of the certificate	E3BD4F4F884EADDA
subject	string	The content of the Subject field	O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd,ST=Some-State,C=AU
valid_end	timestamp	The time before the certificate became valid	2018-01-11T14:35:34.000Z
valid_start	timestamp	The time once the certificate becomes invalid	2018-01-11T14:35:34.000Z
version	string	The X.509 version	3

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SSH fields

An ssh event is created when a client attempts to connect to a server using SSH.

Authentication cannot be accurately determined because the necessary data is encapsulated within the encrypted tunnel. Therefore, the auth_success field contains a "best-guess" based on available data.

The following table shows fields unique to the ssh event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
auth_success	Boolean	The inferred authentication result	True
cipher_alg	string	The encryption algorithm used	aes128-ctr
client	string	The client version string	SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.6
compression_alg	string	The compression algorithm used	none
direction	string	The direction of the connection, Outbound if the client was a local host logging into an external host and Inbound in the opposite situation	Inbound
host_key	string	The server fingerprint	a1:a2:79:80:6d:b1:77:82:d8:6c:aa:ee:25:19:23:42
host_key_alg	string	The server's key algorithm.	ssh-rsa
kex_alg	string	The key exchange algorithm used	ecdh-sha2-nistp256
mac_alg	string	The signing (MAC) algorithm used	hmac-sha1
server	string	The server version string	SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.4
ssh_version	int	The SSH major version (1 or 2)	2

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FTP fields

An ftp event is created when a client connects to a server using FTP, and includes both the command and data channels.

The following table shows fields unique to the ftp event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
data_channel.dst	ip-object	The destination of the data channel	10.0.0.2
data_channel.geo_distance	float	The distance (in miles) between the IP addresses of the data channel	5077.89
data_channel.passive	Boolean	Indicates whether the session is in passive mode	True
data_channel.src	ip-object	The source of the data channel	10.0.0.10
files	file-array	Files transferred over the session	N/A
ftp_arg	string	The full argument string supplied to the command	ftp://10.0.0.2/secrets.zip
ftp_command	string	The client command	RETR
reply_code	int	The server response code to the command	227
reply_msg	string	The server response string to the command	Entering Passive Mode (10,0,0,2,197,36)
username	string	The username used to establish the connection	Admin101

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Tunnel fields

A tunnel event is created when a tunnel is established between a client and a server.

The following table shows fields unique to the tunnel event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
tunnel_action	string	The action taken on the tunnel	Tunnel::DISCOVER
tunnel_type	string	The protocol/application running over the tunnel	Tunnel::HTTP

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DHCP fields

A dhcp event is created when a client requests a DHCP lease or when a lease is acknowledged.

The following table shows fields unique to the dhcp event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
assignment	ip-object	The IP assigned to the client	10.0.0.10
dhcp_msg_type	string	Shows whether a lease is being requested or acknowledged	Request
hostname	string	The client hostname	bob-pc
lease_duration	float	Number of seconds that the lease is valid	1800
lease_end	timestamp	The time at which the lease expires	2019-06-24T07:31:35.012Z
mac	string	The client MAC address	00:30:67:f1:2d:63
trans_id	int	The transaction ID, ties together requests and acknowledgments.	1191705957

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Kerberos fields

A kerberos event is created when a client uses Kerberos to authenticate.

The following table shows fields unique to the kerberos event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
cipher	string	The cipher suite used to encrypt the ticket	aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96
client	string	The client that requested the ticket; machine accounts have a $ at the end of their name but user accounts do not.	jane.doe/ACME.CORP, financewks008$/ACME.CORP
client_cert_fuid	string	Client certificate file unique ID	Xbtku3TdsfdsdfasdfA8VNsk
client_cert_subject	string	Client certificate Subject field	CN=C865433
error_msg	string	The error message returned for failed requests	KDC_ERR_CLIENT_NAME_MISMATCH
forwardable	Boolean	Indicates whether the ticket's forwardable flag is set	True
renewable	Boolean	Indicates whether the ticket's renewable flag is set	True
request_type	string	The type of ticket requested, either a ticket-granting ticket from the authentication server (AS) or a service ticket from the ticket-grantng server (TGS)	AS, TGS
server_cert_fuid	string	Server certificate file unique ID	FvAdJGsjeXuhSvE9m
server_cert_subject	string	Server certificate Subject field	CN=dc09.google.com
service	string	The service for which a ticket is being requested	krbtgt/ACME.CORP
success	Boolean	Indicates whether the request was successful	True
ticket_duration	float	The ticket duration in seconds	86400
ticket_from	timestamp	Time the ticket is good from	2015-09-13T02:48:05.000Z
ticket_till	timestamp	Time the ticket is good until	2037-09-13T02:48:05.000Z

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NTLM fields

An ntlm event is created when a client uses NTLM to authenticate to a server.

The following table shows fields unique to the ntlm event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
auth_domain	string	The domain used to authenticate the client	ACME
hostname	string	The client hostname used	FINANCEWKS008
ntlm_status	string	String indicating the result of the authentication	SUCCESS
success	Boolean	Indicates whether the authentication succeeded	True
username	string	The client username used	sqlservice

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SMB file fields

An smb_file event is created when a file is transferred over the network through the use of SMB. This event type includes extra fields related MACB timestamps and file paths in addition to the file-object fields because SMB includes file metadata during the transfer.

The following table shows fields unique to the smb_file event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
files	file-array	Files transferred over the SMB connection	N/A
files.accessed_timestamp	timestamp	The last time the file was accessed	2018-04-08T22:48:07.958Z
files.changed_timestamp	timestamp	The last time the file's metadata changed	2018-04-08T22:48:07.958Z
files.created_timestamp	timestamp	The time the file was created	2018-04-08T22:48:07.958Z
files.modified_timestamp	timestamp	The last time the file's content changed	2018-04-08T22:48:07.958Z
files.name	string	The post-transfer name of the file (can be renamed before writing to disk)	secrets.zip
files.previous_name	string	The pre-transfer name of the file	exfil.zip
files.smb_path.path	string	The full network path to the target share	\\DYNACCOUNTIC-DC.dynaccountic.com\sysvol
files.smb_path.share	string	The target network share	sysvol
files.smb_path.system	string	The target host	DYNACCOUNTIC-DC.dynaccountic.com
smb_action	string	The action taken on the files	SMB::FILE_OPEN

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SMB mapping fields

An smb_mapping event is created when a client attempts to interact with a network share via SMB. This includes both disk and pipe shares.

The following table shows fields unique to the smb_mapping event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
native_file_system	string	The file system type on the target host (for Disk shares)	NTFS
share_type	string	The type of share established	DISK
smb_path.path	string	The full network path to the target share	\\DYNACCOUNTIC-DC.dynaccountic.com\sysvol
smb_path.share	string	The target network share	sysvol
smb_path.system	string	The target host	DYNACCOUNTIC-DC.dynaccountic.com
smb_service	string	The service used to establish a connection to the share	IPC

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DCE RPC fields

A dce_rpc event is created when one host executes a DCE/RPC command against another host.

The following table shows fields unique to the dce_rpc event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
dce_rpc_endpoint	string	The remote service targeted by the command	samr
dce_rpc_operation	string	The command submitted to the remote service	SamrOpenDomain
named_pipe	string	The name of the target pipe (or the destination port if not named	\pipe\lsass
round_trip_time	float	The time in seconds between command execution and results returned	0.01

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PE fields

A pe event is created when a portable executable (PE) file or object is transferred over a connection.

The following table shows fields unique to the pe event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
compile_timestamp	timestamp	The compile timestamp extracted from the file	2015-11-12T10:23:51.000Z
file	file-object	The enriched file properties (hashes, size, MIME-type)	N/A
has_cert_table	Boolean	Indicates whether the file has an attribute certificate table	True
has_debug_data	Boolean	Indicates whether the file has a debug table	True
has_export_table	Boolean	Indicates whether the file has an export table	True
has_import_table	Boolean	Indicates whether the file has an import table	True
id	string	An internal unique identifier for the file	FrkSk6Y0mqKGxMBF6
is64_bit	Boolean	Indicates whether the file is 64-bit	True
is_exe	Boolean	Indicates whether the file is executable or just an object	True
machine	string	The architecture the file was compiled for	I386
os	string	The OS the file was compiled for	Windows XP
section_names	string-array	An array of section names extracted from the file	[.text, .rdata, .data, .rsrc]
subsystem	string	The subsystem the file was compiled for	WINDOWS_GUI
uses_aslr	Boolean	Indicates whether the file supports ASLR	True
uses_code_integrity	Boolean	Indicates whether the file enforces code integrity checks	True
uses_dep	Boolean	Indicates whether the file supports DEP	True
uses_seh	Boolean	Indicates whether the file uses SEH	True

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Suricata fields

A suricata event is created when a Suricata signature fires on a sensor. Signatures from the ET Open ruleset are included by default on all sensors.

Suricata runs independently from the metadata extraction process, and thus is not tied to flow events with a flow_id even though both a suricata and flow event will exist for the traffic. Additionally, directionality is not maintained by Suricata, so the src.ip and dst.ip fields for a suricata event may be reversed from the related flow.

The following table shows fields unique to the suricata event type:

Field	Type	Description	Example
payload	byte-array	The raw payload from the traffic that matched the signature	N/A
proto	string	The transport layer protocol used	tcp
sig_category	string	The signature's category	A Network Trojan was Detected
sig_id	int	The signature's ID	2024290
sig_name	string	The signature's name	ET TROJAN Jaff Ransomware Checkin M1
sig_rev	float	The signature's revision number	2
sig_severity	int	The signature's severity rating (1 = high, 3 = low)	1

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Software fields

A software event is created when sufficient data is observed to fingerprint software running on a host. Such data could include a User-Agent string or a client version string.

Software events do not have a src or dst column like all other event types because they only refer to behavior observed from one host and not the underlying connection.

The following table shows fields unique to the software event type.

Field	Type	Description	Example
host	ip-object	The host from which the software was observed	10.0.0.10
software_name	string	The name of the observed software	Wget
software_type	string	The category of the observed software	HTTP::BROWSER
software_version.additional	string	Arbitrary notes about the software	linux-gnu
software_version.major	int	The major version number	1
software_version.minor	int	The first minor version number	19
software_version.minor2	int	The second minor version number	1
software_version.minor3	int	The third minor version number	0
software_version.version	string	The full version string	Wget/1.19.1 (linux-gnu)
software_version.version_number	string	The full version number	1.19.1

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Observation fields

An observation event is created when the FortiNDR Cloud analytics backend identifies a correlation of information of interest. See below for valid values for the following fields:

You can view the list of observations in the Observations widget in the Default Dashboard . For more information, see: observation_category: asset , account, software, flow, file, relationship observation_class: anomalous, newly observed, specific

Observations run independently from the metadata extraction process, and are not tied to flow events with a flow_id. Additionally, an observation event may only have one of src.ip or dst.ip, although it could contain both.

The following table shows fields unique to the observation event type.

Field	Type	Description	Example
evidence_end_timestamp	timestamp	The timestamp for which the flagged activity ended.	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
evidence_iql	string	An IQL statement that attempts to identify the events used to generate the observation.	src.ip = '10.10.10.10' AND customer_id = 'abc' AND dce_rpc:dce_rpc_operation = 'NetrSessionEnum' AND timestamp >= t'2019-01-01T22:00:00.000000Z' AND timestamp <= t'2019-01-01T22:10:00.000000Z'
evidence_start_timestamp	timestamp	The timestamp for which the flagged activity began.	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
observation_category	string	The subject of an observation.	relationship
observation_class	string	The class of what was observed about the subject.	specific
observation_confidence	string	The confidence in the model output to what was attempted to be observed.	high
observation_title	string	The title of what was attempted to be detected - similar to a suricata sig name.	High Count of NetSession Destinations
observation_uuid	string	A unique identifier for the model used to generate the observation. Multiple models may exist for the same title.	ac33189b-ee31-4f5e-b6a1-dcb63d9a7295
sensor_ids	string array	A list of sensors from which activity was used as part of the observation.	[abc1,abc2,abc3]

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Notice Fields

Field	Type	Description	Example
application	application	The classified application for a flow
customer_id	string	The code of the account that owns the event	chg
dst_ip	string	The IP of the responder to the connection	8.8.8.8
dst_ip_enrichments	ip_enrichments	Enrichments for an IP
dst_port	integer	The port of the responder to the connection	53
event_type	string	The type of event recorded	flow
file_desc	string	Description of a file to provide more context. For example, if a notice was related to a file over HTTP, the URL of the request would be shown.
file_mime_type	string	If the notice event is related to a file, this will be the mime type of the file.
flow_id	string	A unique identifier for a flow shared by all events produced from that particular flow	CtjvJR1nIzN4WFSuc7
fuid	string	A file unique ID if this notice is related to a file.
geo_distance	number	The difference between `src` and `dst` geo values	1410.373826280689
intel	intel	Intel that matched entities in the event
msg	string	Description of activity noticed.	10.1.0.47 appears to be guessing SSH passwords (seen in 30 connections).
n	integer	Associated count, or perhaps a status code.
note	string	Notice type	SSH::Password_Guessing
notice_actions	string	The actions which have been applied to this notice.	[Notice::ACTION_LOG]
peer_descr	string	Textual description for the peer that raised this notice, including name, host address and port.
proto	string	The transport protocol.
sensor_id	string	The sensor that created the event	chg1
source	string	The source of the event	Zeek
src_ip	string	The IP of the initiator of the connection	10.10.10.10
src_ip_enrichments	ip_enrichments	Enrichments for an IP
src_port	integer	The port of the initiator of the connection	52843
sub	string	Technical details of the activity.
suppress_for	number	This field indicates the length of time that this unique notice should be suppressed.
tag	string	| The type of event	flow
timestamp	string	The time at which traffic for the event began	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000000Z
uuid	string	A unique identifier for the event	1ca116cb-9262-11e9-b5bf-02472fee9a4a

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Modbus fields

Field	Type	Description	Example
customer_id	string	The code of the account that owns the event	chg
dst	ip_enriched_with_port	The responder to the connection	8.8.8.8
event_type	string	The type of event recorded	modbus
flow_id	string	A unique identifier for a flow shared by all events produced from that particular flow	CtjvJR1nIzN4WFSuc7
geo_distance	number	The difference between src and dst geo values	1410.373826280689
intel	intel[]	Intel that matched entities in the event
is_orig	boolean		true
modbus_address	integer	Starting address of value(s) field.
modbus_function	string	The name of the function message that was sent.	READ_INPUT_REGISTERS
modbus_quantity	integer	Number of addresses/values read or written to.
modbus_request_response	string	REQUEST or RESPONSE
modbus_tid	integer	Modbus transaction identifier
modbus_unit	integer	Modbus terminal unit identifier.
modbus_values	string[]	Value(s) of coils, discrete_inputs, or registers read/written to.	555,0,100
sensor_id	string	The sensor that created the event	chg1
source	string	The source of the event	Zeek
src	ip_enriched_with_port	The initiator of the connection	10.10.10.10
timestamp	string	The time at which traffic for the event began	2019-01-01T00:00:00.000000Z
uuid	string	A unique identifier for the event	1ca116cb-9262-11e9-b5bf-02472fee9a4a

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